Sedimentary

Sedimentary rocks notes and terms

sediment - pieces of rock that was broken off of bigger rocks during weathering
weathering - the breaking down of rock into pieces through wind, water, ice, sunlight, and gravity
sedimentary rock - formed when sediments become compacted and cemented together in layers
strata - the layers of sedimentary rock that form from the deposition of sediment
deposition - the laying down of matter
erosion - the transporting (moving) of sediment from one place to another
compaction - packing tightly together
cementation - to join together as if with cement

Composition of sedimentary rock - what it is made up of
clastic - forms when rock or mineral fragments called clasts stick together, classified by the sizes of the fragments it is made of
chemical - forms when minerals crystallize out of a solution, such as sea water, calcite forms chemical limestone on the ocean floor
organic - forms from the remains of organisms, coral collect on the ocean floor and their remains become cemented together to form fossiliferous limestone

The biggest feature (characteristic) of sedimentary rock is the stratification (layers).
Strata (layers) differ from one another depending on the kind, size, and color of their sediment.
Rate (how fast) of deposition can affect (makes a difference) the thickness of the layer.
Wind and water waves can be left on lake, sea, and river beds and sand dunes causing cross beds or ripple marks.